An Upasika is a female lay follower of Buddhism. Unlike nuns (bhikkhunis), Upasikas live at home, can participate in worldly life, and are not monastics. They hold faith in the Triple Gem (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha), strive to live ethically, and perform good deeds. The Pali term for female lay follower is Upasika, which translates to "one who serves."
The Foremost Female Lay Protectors of the Sangha Among Upasikas, Visakha stands out for her devotion. She attained Sotapanna (Stream-entry, the first stage of enlightenment) and was recognized by the Buddha as the foremost female lay follower in supporting the Sangha. She was a woman of great merit and had many children and grandchildren, all known for their filial piety. Other Notable Upasikas Kindness: the ultimate is Sāmāvatī Meditation: the ultimate is Uttarā Nandamātā Caring for the Sick: the ultimate is Suppiyā
Introduction
The term "Upasika" refers to a female lay follower of Buddhism. Unlike nuns (bhikkhunis), who have renounced worldly life and are monastics, Upasikas continue to live in the world, maintaining their familial and social responsibilities. Despite their lay status, they are deeply committed to the Buddhist path, upholding the principles of the Triple Gem (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha) and striving to live a virtuous life.
The Role of Upasikas in Buddhism
Upasikas play a vital role in the Buddhist community. They serve as pillars of support for the Sangha (monastic community), offering material resources and spiritual encouragement. Their dedication to the Dharma inspires others and contributes to the propagation of Buddhism. While they are not bound by the same monastic rules as bhikkhunis, Upasikas are expected to adhere to the Five Precepts (abstaining from killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, and intoxicants).
Visakha: The Foremost Female Lay Protector
Among Upasikas, Visakha stands out as a paragon of devotion. She was recognized by the Buddha as the foremost female lay follower in supporting the Sangha. Visakha's unwavering commitment to the Dharma was evident in her actions. She constructed numerous viharas (monasteries) and offered abundant alms to the Sangha. Her dedication to the Buddhist path was so profound that she attained Sotapanna (Stream-entry), the first stage of enlightenment.
Other Notable Upasikas
- Kindness: the ultimate is Sāmāvatī: Sāmāvatī was renowned for her compassionate nature. She was always ready to help those in need, regardless of their circumstances. Her kindness and generosity were a shining example for others to follow.
- Meditation: the ultimate is Uttarā: Uttarā was a master of meditation. She devoted herself to the practice of mindfulness and concentration, achieving a high level of spiritual attainment. Her ability to maintain a calm and focused mind served as an inspiration to many.
- Caring for the Sick: the ultimate is Suppiyā: Suppiyā was known for her compassionate care for the sick and suffering. She provided both physical and emotional support to those in need, demonstrating the importance of selfless service.
The Significance of Upasikas in Contemporary Buddhism
Upasikas continue to play a significant role in contemporary Buddhism. They are active participants in various Buddhist activities, such as meditation retreats, Dharma talks, and community service projects. Their dedication to the Dharma helps to ensure the vitality and growth of the Buddhist tradition.
In conclusion, Upasikas are an integral part of the Buddhist community. Their commitment to the Triple Gem, their support for the Sangha, and their dedication to living a virtuous life have made a lasting impact on Buddhism. The examples of Visakha, Sāmāvatī, Uttarā, and Suppiyā serve as inspiration for all aspiring Upasikas, reminding us of the importance of compassion, generosity, and spiritual practice.
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